original-study source

Police de-escalation training and its effects on communication

The randomized trial finds improved intermediary communication behavior but not the theorized relationship between those behaviors and use-of-force rates.

Reviewed July 24, 2026

Kyle McLean, P. Trey Bussey, Justin Nix, Jeffrey Rojek, and Geoffrey P. Alpert, randomized controlled trial summarized by the U.S. Office of Justice Programs, 2026.

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Open at ojp.gov (opens in new tab)
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What this source supports

The randomized trial finds improved intermediary communication behavior but not the theorized relationship between those behaviors and use-of-force rates.

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Topic reviews: Community Safety, Crime Prevention, & Gun Violence Prevention

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Last reviewed
July 24, 2026